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DMSA scan (dimercaptosuccinic acid scan)
A DMSA scan is a nuclear medicine test used to detect damaged areas in the kidneys and find out whether kidney function is normal.
Private DMSA scanning with Circle Health Group
A DMSA scan (also known as a dimercaptosuccinic acid scan) is a nuclear medicine scan used to examine the kidneys.
The scan uses a small radioactive tracer containing dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) along with a special camera to create detailed images of the kidneys. This tracer is absorbed by the kidney tissue, allowing our consultants to see the structure and function of the kidneys without invasive surgery. The results of this scan will give your consultant vital information about your renal system, and help them to plan any subsequent treatment you might need.
A DMSA scan will typically be recommended by your consultant, maybe a nephrologist (kidney disease specialist) or a urologist (specialist in the urinary tract), or by your GP. If you have been told you need a DMSA scan and would like to book one with Circle Health Group, give us a call and we’ll help you arrange one.
How much does a private DMSA scan cost?
The cost of a private DMSA scan will differ depending on which hospital you visit as well as factors personal to you. If you would like an idea of cost at a particular hospital, call one of our advisors or speak to them directly via live chat.
If you have private health insurance, the cost of a private DMSA scan may be covered by your policy. Speak to your provider to find out more.
What is a DMSA scan used for?
A DMSA scan is primarily used to check the health and function of the kidneys. It’s particularly effective in detecting kidney scarring, which can be a result of previous infections or other conditions that have damaged the kidney tissue. The scan helps our consultants determine if the kidneys are functioning properly and if there are any abnormalities such as scarring, blockages, or congenital defects.
One of the most common uses of DMSA scans is for the evaluation of children who have had urinary tract infections (UTIs). Recurrent UTIs can sometimes lead to kidney damage, and a DMSA scan can reveal whether this has happened. The scan is also used in adults with suspected kidney problems, including those who may have had a history of kidney infections or other conditions affecting the kidneys.
How does a DMSA scan work?
A DMSA scan works by introducing a radioactive tracer into the body, which then travels to the kidneys. The process starts with the injection of a small amount of the DMSA tracer into a vein, usually in the arm. Once the tracer is injected, it circulates through the bloodstream and is eventually taken up by the kidney tissue.
After the tracer has had time to accumulate in the kidneys, a special camera, known as a gamma camera, is used to take images of the kidneys. The gamma camera detects the radiation emitted by the tracer and creates detailed images that show how well the kidneys are functioning. These images can also reveal areas where the kidneys may not be working properly, such as regions of scarring or reduced function.
Who might need a DMSA scan?
A DMSA scan is typically recommended for individuals who have had recurrent urinary tract infections, particularly children. It is also used in cases where there is a suspicion of kidney scarring or other abnormalities that could affect kidney function. This scan is often part of the diagnostic process for people with chronic kidney disease, unexplained high blood pressure (which can be related to kidney issues), or congenital kidney abnormalities.
In some cases, a DMSA scan is used to monitor the kidneys after a kidney transplant or to evaluate the function of the kidneys in individuals who are at risk of kidney disease due to other medical conditions.
What common conditions are investigated with a DMSA Scan?
A DMSA scan is particularly useful in investigating the following conditions:
Kidney scarring
Often resulting from repeated or severe urinary tract infections, especially in children.
Congenital kidney abnormalities
Any structural issues with the kidneys that are present from birth.
Chronic pyelonephritis
A long-term kidney infection that can cause scarring and impaired kidney function.
Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
This condition is when urine flows backward from the bladder to the kidneys, increasing the risk of kidney infections and scarring.
Renal hypoplasia
When part of a kidney is underdeveloped and may not function properly.
Evaluation of kidney transplants
To make sure the transplanted kidney is functioning correctly and to check for any early signs of rejection.
What are the benefits of a DMSA scan?
The biggest benefit of a DMSA scan is its ability to provide detailed images of the kidneys, which can help in diagnosing and managing various kidney conditions. The scan is non-invasive and relatively safe, containing a low dose of radiation. It is particularly valuable in detecting kidney scarring, which might not be visible on other imaging tests such as ultrasounds or CT scans.
Another significant benefit is that DMSA scans can help in early detection of kidney damage, allowing for timely intervention and treatment. Early detection of kidney problems can often prevent further damage and improve long-term kidney function.
What happens before a DMSA scan?
Before a DMSA scan, you will discuss the process with your consultant. If you’re taking medication, they will recommend what to do for the duration of your scan. There are no specific dietary restrictions, and fasting is not typically required.
As with any procedure, it’s important to let your consultant know about any allergies, particularly to medications, as well as any existing medical conditions. Pregnant women or those who suspect they might be pregnant should notify their doctor, as the use of radioactive tracers is generally avoided during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary.
In some cases, especially with children, a sedative might be recommended to help them stay still during the scan (because any movement can affect the quality of the images).
What happens during a DMSA scan?
During a DMSA scan, you will be given an injection of the radioactive DMSA tracer, usually through a vein in your arm. The injection itself is quick and causes only minor discomfort, similar to a blood test.
After the injection, you’ll need to wait between about two to four hours to allow the tracer to be absorbed by your kidneys. During the wait, you can usually leave the clinic and return later for the imaging portion of the scan.
When it's time for the imaging, you will be asked to lie down on an examination table, and the gamma camera will be positioned over the abdomen. The camera will then take a series of images, which typically takes about 30 to 45 minutes. You must remain as still as possible during the imaging part to make sure the images are as clear and accurate as possible.
The scan itself is painless, and the only discomfort might come from lying still for a while. The gamma camera does not produce any sensation, as it simply detects the radiation emitted by the tracer.
What happens after a DMSA scan?
After the DMSA scan is completed, you can leave and return to your usual activities and eat and drink as normal. The radioactive tracer will be expelled from your body, mostly in your urine, over the course of the next day or two. Drinking plenty of fluids after the scan can help speed up this process.
Recovering from a DMSA scan
Recovery from a DMSA scan is usually quick and straightforward, and you can often return to your usual activities immediately afterwards. Drinking plenty of fluids is recommended to help flush the tracer from the body more quickly.
Interpreting the results of a DMSA Scan
DMSA scan results will be interpreted by a radiologist or a nuclear medicine specialist. The DMSA images usually show how well the kidneys are functioning and whether there are any areas of scarring or abnormality.
All findings, both normal and abnormal, will be discussed with you by your consultant at a follow up appointment, and may recommend further tests or use the results to map out a personal treatment pathway.
DMSA scan FAQs
How should you prepare for a DMSA Scan?
Preparation for a DMSA scan is very straightforward. You should follow any specific instructions provided by your consultant, including continuing regular medication and eating normally. It's also important to wear comfortable clothing and remove any jewellery or metal objects that might interfere with the imaging.
Who can have a DMSA scan?
Most people can have a DMSA scan, both children and adults. Due to the use of radioactive material, pregnant women should seek advice from their consultant, and ask about alternative imaging techniques.
Why choose Circle Health Group for a DMSA scan?
When you choose to go private with Circle Health Group, you can expect:
- Flexible appointment times and locations to fit your routine
- The freedom to choose which hospital suits your needs
- Personalised, consultant-led treatment plans tailored to your individual needs
- Comfortable and safe private facilities maintained by expert multidisciplinary teams
- Fair pricing and monthly payment options available
If you would like to learn more about having a DMSA scan or any related treatment, call a member of our team directly.
Clinical review and sources
- DMSA scan, Guys and St Thomas
- DMSA renal (kidney) scan, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
- Nuclear medicine DMSA scan, Inside Radiology
